ash: (in geology) Small, lightweight fragments of rock and glass spewed by volcanic eruptions. (in biology) A bunch of deciduous bushes within the olive household can be widespread in landscaping and for timber.
asteroid: A rocky object in orbit across the solar. Most asteroids orbit in an area that falls between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Astronomers confer with this area because of the asteroid belt.
biodiversity: (quick for organic range) The quantity and number of species discovered inside a localized geographic area.
cover: (in botany) The high layer of a tree — or forest — the place the tallest branches overlap.
chemical: A substance fashioned from two or more atoms that unite (bond) in a set proportion and construction. For instance, water is a chemical made when two hydrogen atoms bond to 1 oxygen atom. Its chemical formula is H2O. Chemical additionally could be an adjective to explain properties of supplies which can be the results of varied reactions between completely different compounds.
local weather: The climate circumstances that sometimes exist in a single space, typically, or over a protracted interval.
coauthor: One of a gaggle (two or more folks) who collectively had ready a written work, comparable to an e-book, report, or analysis paper. Not all coauthors might have contributed equally.
conifer: Cone-bearing bushes or shrubs such because pine, fir, spruce, or yew. Conifers are often evergreen and have both needle-shaped or scale-like leaves.
continent: (in geology) The enormous land lots that sit upon tectonic plates. In trendy instances, there are six established geologic continents: North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa, Australia, and Antarctica. In 2017, scientists additionally made the case for one more: Zealandia.
Cretaceous: A geologic time interval that included the tip of the Age of Dinosaurs. It ran from roughly 145.5 million years in the past till 65.5 million years in the past.
dinosaur: A time period meaning horrible lizard. These historic reptiles lived from about 250 million years in the past to roughly 65 million years in the past. All descended from egg-laying reptiles generally known as archosaurs.
range: A broad spectrum of comparable gadgets, concepts, or folks. In a social context, it might confer with a range of experiences and cultural backgrounds. (in biology) A variety of various life types.
ecological: An adjective that refers to a department of biology that offers the relations of organisms to 1 one other and their bodily environment. A scientist who works on this subject is known as an ecologist.
ecosystem: A bunch of interacting residing organisms — together with microorganisms, crops, and animals — and their bodily setting inside specific local weather. Examples embrace tropical reefs, rainforests, alpine meadows, and polar tundra. The time period can be utilized to components that make up a man-made setting, comparable to an organization, classroom, or the web.
extinction: The everlasting lack of a species, household, or bigger group of organisms.
issue: Something that performs a task in a specific situation or occasion; a contributor.
fireball: A lump of rock or metallic from the area that hits the ambiance of Earth. Fireballs are meteors that can be exceptionally brilliant and huge.
forest: An space of land coated principally with bushes and different woody crops.
fossil: Any preserved stays or traces of historic life. There are many several types of fossils: The bones and different physique elements of dinosaurs are referred to as “body fossils.” Things like footprints are referred to as “trace fossils.” Even specimens of dinosaur poop are fossils. The strategy of forming fossils is known as fossilization.
geological: Adjective to explain issues associated with Earth’s bodily construction and substance, its historical past, and the processes that act on it. People who work on this subject are generally known as geologists.
insect: A sort of arthropod that as a grownup can have six segmented legs and three physique elements: a head, thorax, and stomach. There are a whole lot of 1000’s bugs, which embrace bees, beetles, flies, and moths.
mechanism: The steps or course by which one thing occurs or “works.” It could be the spring that pops one thing from one gap into one other. It may very well be the squeezing of the guts muscle that pumps blood all through the physique. It may very well be the friction (with the highway and air) that slows down the pace of a coasting automobile. Researchers typically search for the mechanism behind actions and reactions to know how one thing’s capabilities.
nutrient: A vitamin, mineral, fats, carbohydrate, or protein {that a} plant, animal, or different organism requires as a part of its meals to survive.
phosphorus: A extremely reactive, nonmetallic ingredient occurring naturally in phosphates. Its scientific image is P. It is a crucial part of many chemical compounds and constructions which can be present in cells, comparable to membranes and DNA.
pollen: Powdery grains launched by the male elements of flowers that may fertilize the feminine tissue to make a seed. Pollinating bugs, comparable to bees, typically decide up pollen that can later be eaten.
rainforest: Dense forest wealthy in biodiversity present in tropical areas with constant heavy rainfall.
sauropod: A really giant, four-legged, plant-eating dinosaur with a protracted neck and tail, small head, and big limbs.
shrub: A perennial plant that grows in a usually low, bushy type.
species: A bunch of comparable organisms able to producing offspring that may survive and reproduce.
spore: A tiny, sometimes single-celled physique that’s fashioned by sure microorganisms in response to dangerous circumstances. Or it may be the single-celled reproductive stage of a fungus (functioning very like a seed) that’s launched and unfold by wind or water. Most are protected towards drying out or warmth and might stay viable for lengthy intervals, till circumstances are proper for his or her development.
trajectory: The path taken by a projectile shifting using area and time, or the path {that a} pattern is taking up time.
tropics: The area close to Earth’s equator. The temperatures listed below usually heat to scorching, year-round.
wake: An space of disturbed air or water left behind an object (comparable to a ship or animal) shifting using it. Or a time period for the collective occasions kicked off by a momentous resolution or incidence.
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